How an Israeli Citizen Can Move to the USA

Overview of Opportunities for Moving to the USA

For many Israeli citizens, relocating to the United States of America represents an attractive prospect, especially against the backdrop of the complex and unstable situation in the Middle East. The reasons for such a decision can be very diverse: striving for better economic opportunities, the desire to ensure safety for one’s family, obtaining access to high-quality education, or career growth in global companies. Regardless of the reasons, moving to the USA is a complex process that requires careful preparation, understanding of immigration legislation, and choosing the most suitable pathway for legal residence or obtaining a Green Card. In this overview, I will provide a detailed explanation of relevant and proven relocation options that may be suitable for Israelis with different life circumstances – whether it is the pursuit of professional growth, starting a business, family reunification, or the use of unique talents. Each of these paths has its own specifics, requirements, and limitations, and I will try to explain them as clearly and thoroughly as possible so that you can make an informed decision.

New Entry Rules: Visa Waiver Program for Israeli Citizens

One of the significant changes in US immigration policy was the inclusion of Israel in the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). This development opened up new opportunities for Israelis wishing to visit the United States. According to this program, Israeli citizens can now apply through the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA). The process of submitting an application through ESTA is relatively simple: it includes filling out an online form, providing personal information, details of the trip, and answering questions related to security. Once the application is approved, which usually takes up to 72 hours, an Israeli traveler receives permission to stay in the USA for up to 90 days within two years from the date of approval, provided that the passport remains valid throughout the period.

However, it is important to emphasize that the visa-free regime through ESTA is intended exclusively for short-term visits with tourist, business, or transit purposes. For example, this may include sightseeing, attending short-term business meetings, conferences, or visiting relatives. This regime does not allow you to work, study at American educational institutions, or apply for long-term residence in the USA. Violation of the VWP rules, such as exceeding the 90-day stay limit or attempting to work without the appropriate visa, can lead to serious consequences, including a ban on entering the USA in the future. Therefore, if your goal is not just a short trip, but a full relocation to the USA with the possibility to live, work, or study, it is necessary to consider other, more suitable immigration options, which I will describe below.

Who Can Benefit from Immigration Options to the USA

The proposed pathways for moving to the USA are designed to take into account the diverse needs and circumstances of Israeli citizens who seek not only to visit the country but also to settle there for a long period or obtain permanent residency (a Green Card). These options cover a wide range of situations and are suitable for people with different professional, financial, and personal goals. Let’s review the main categories for which these cases may be relevant:

1. Businessmen and Entrepreneurs. If you are a business owner in Israel or want to start a new business in the USA, there are visas that allow you to invest in the American economy or transfer an existing business to the USA. For example, the E-2 visa is suitable for investors ready to invest significant funds into American business, while the L-1 visa allows executives or key employees of international companies to transfer to the American branch of their organization. These options require thorough preparation of a business plan, financial documents, and proof of the business’s stability.

2. Highly Skilled Specialists. For Israelis with higher education, especially in high-demand fields such as information technology, engineering, medicine, or scientific research, there are work visas such as the H-1B. This visa is intended for professionals with unique skills that American employers are willing to hire. The process of obtaining such a visa includes an employer willing to sponsor the visa and passing a competitive selection process, since the number of H-1B visas is limited by an annual quota.

3. People with Relatives in the USA. If you have close relatives (parents, spouses, children, or siblings) who are US citizens or Green Card holders, you may apply for immigration through family reunification. The family sponsorship visa (for example, IR or F categories) allows you to move to the USA based on family ties, but the process may take from several months to several years depending on the degree of kinship and the visa category.

4. Individuals with Outstanding Achievements. If you possess unique talents or outstanding accomplishments in fields such as science, art, sports, education, or business, you may apply for an O-1 visa (for individuals with extraordinary abilities) or an EB-1 visa (for obtaining a Green Card based on outstanding achievements). These visas require proof of your success, such as awards, publications, international recognition, or recommendations from experts in your field.

Each of these pathways has its own advantages, limitations, and requirements that must be carefully studied. For example, business visas require significant capital and a clear plan, while a work visa requires an offer from a US employer. Family reunification may be a lengthy process, especially for distant relatives, and a visa for individuals with extraordinary achievements requires convincing evidence of the uniqueness of your accomplishments. In the following sections, I will analyze each of these cases in detail, including requirements, application process, and potential challenges, so you can choose the option that best fits your situation and begin preparing for relocation to the USA.

If you have a specific paragraph or direction you’d like me to expand on in more detail, or if you need clarification on a particular aspect (for example, a specific visa type or applicant category), let me know!

Opportunities for Relocation to the USA for Israeli Citizens: Work and Study Visas

L-1 Visa: Business Transfer to the USA for Entrepreneurs and Top Managers

The L-1 visa is one of the most attractive options for Israeli entrepreneurs, business owners, or top managers who want to expand their business into the United States or transfer key employees there. This non-immigrant visa is intended for intracompany transferees, allowing employees of an international company operating outside the United States to relocate to its American branch. The L-1 visa is divided into two subcategories: L-1A for executives and managers, and L-1B for professionals with unique knowledge of the company or its products. Below is a detailed description of the process and requirements:

Requirements for Obtaining an L-1 Visa

1. Existing Business Outside the USA. The applicant must be an owner or a key employee of a company that has been successfully operating in Israel (or another country) for at least one year. The company must be financially stable, have a steady income and employees, and continue operations after transferring the applicant to the USA.
2. Creation or Presence of a U.S. Branch. The applicant must either establish a new company branch in the USA or relocate to an already existing American subsidiary. If the branch is being set up from scratch, a detailed business plan, proof of office lease, hiring employees, and financial investments will be required.
3. Applicant’s Qualifications. For an L-1A visa, the applicant must hold an executive or managerial position (e.g., director or manager) and have at least one year of work experience in this role within the past three years at the foreign company. For an L-1B visa, proof of unique knowledge related to the company’s operations is required.

Validity Period and Application Process

• New Branch. If you are opening a new branch in the USA, the L-1A visa is issued for one year. During this time, the company must demonstrate progress: hiring employees, signing contracts, and showing stable income. After that, the visa can be extended up to three years, with a maximum stay of up to seven years for L-1A and five years for L-1B.
• Existing Branch. If you are transferred to an already operating American company, the visa can initially be issued for three years with the possibility of extension.
• Processing Times. The preparation and submission of documents usually takes from 2 to 6 months, depending on the complexity of the case and the completeness of the submitted documentation. Premium Processing, for an additional fee, can reduce the processing time to 15 days.

Advantages and Opportunities

• Path to a Green Card. The L-1A visa provides the opportunity to apply for an EB-1C immigrant visa (for multinational managers and executives), which can lead to obtaining a green card. This makes the L-1 one of the most promising paths for entrepreneurs.
• Flexibility for Families. Spouses and children under 21 can obtain an L-2 visa, which allows the spouse to work in the USA and children to study in American schools.
• Relatively Fast Process. Compared to other visas, the L-1 can be processed faster, especially if the business already has a well-structured organization.

Potential Challenges

• High Documentation Requirements. It is necessary to provide proof of successful operations of the foreign company, financial reports, a business plan for the American branch, and confirmation of legal funding sources.
• Risk of Rejection When Creating a New Branch. If the business plan is not convincing enough or the company fails to demonstrate stable growth, extending the visa may be difficult.
• Dependence on the Company. The visa is tied to a specific company, so changing employers would require applying for a new visa.

Visa E-2: Investments in American Business

The E-2 (Treaty Investor Visa) is intended for citizens of countries that have signed trade treaties with the USA, including Israel. This is a non-immigrant visa that allows investors to enter the USA to manage a business into which they have invested significant funds.
It is ideal for Israelis who want to open or acquire a business in the USA, and it is flexible in terms of extensions.

Requirements for Obtaining an E-2 Visa

1. Investment in Business. The applicant must invest a significant amount in an American enterprise. Although the exact amount is not specified by law, in practice the minimum threshold is around $100,000–$150,000.
   This can be the purchase of an existing business (for example, a café, shop, beauty salon) or the establishment of a new business.
2. Legitimacy of Funds. It is necessary to prove that the invested money was obtained legally (for example, from business income, sale of assets, or personal savings).
   This requires submission of bank statements, tax returns, and other financial documents.
3. Active Participation in Business. The applicant must play a key role in managing the business, not just be a passive investor.
4. Economic Significance. The business must be profitable and create jobs for U.S. citizens or residents, rather than simply providing income for the investor and their family.

Validity Period and Application Process

• The E-2 visa is usually issued for a period of 2 to 5 years with the possibility of unlimited extensions, as long as the business continues to operate successfully.
• The application process takes about 3 to 6 months, including preparation of the business plan, financial documents, and submission to the U.S. consulate.
• The application is submitted through a U.S. consulate abroad (for example, in Israel), not through U.S. immigration authorities inside the country.

Advantages and Opportunities of the E-2 Visa

1. Flexibility of Extension. The E-2 visa can be extended an unlimited number of times as long as the business remains active and profitable, making it convenient for long-term stay.
2. Family Benefits. A spouse can apply for an E-2 Dependent visa, which allows them to work in the USA without restrictions.
   Children up to 21 years old can attend American schools.
3. Relatively Low Investment Threshold. Compared to the EB-5 program, which requires investments starting at $800,000, the E-2 visa is available to a wider range of applicants.
4. Fast Relocation. With sufficient funds and a clear business plan, the application process is relatively quick.

Potential Challenges

• Non-immigrant Status. The E-2 visa does not directly lead to a green card. To transition to immigrant status, a change of visa will be required (for example, to EB-1 or EB-5).
• Financial Risks. The business must be successful, otherwise the visa extension may be denied.
  This requires thorough planning and management.
• Verification of Fund Legitimacy. Immigration authorities carefully check the origin of investments, which may slow down the process.

Visa H-1B: Employment for Qualified Professionals

The H-1B visa is intended for highly qualified professionals with higher education or equivalent experience, whose American employer is willing to sponsor them.
This visa is especially popular among Israeli professionals in fields such as IT, engineering, medicine, finance, and scientific research.

Requirements for Obtaining an H-1B Visa

1. Job Offer. The applicant must have a job offer from an American employer, who then submits a petition (Form I-129) to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
2. Qualifications. A bachelor’s degree (or higher) is required in the relevant field or equivalent experience (usually 3 years of work experience for each year of missing academic education).
3. Specialized Knowledge. The position must require specialized knowledge and skills in a specific professional field.
4. Квоты. Количество виз H-1B ограничено ежегодной квотой (65,000 для бакалавров и дополнительно 20,000 для обладателей магистерских степеней). Заявки подаются в марте, а отбор проводится через лотерею.

Validity Period and Application Process

• The H-1B visa is issued for 3 years with the possibility of extension up to 6 years.
• Lottery applications are submitted in March, and successful candidates may begin work from October 1 of the same year.
• The application process takes 3 to 8 months, including finding an employer, filing a petition, and waiting for lottery results.
• Premium Processing can reduce the processing time to 15 days for an additional fee.

Advantages and Opportunities

1. Path to a Green Card. An employer can sponsor the applicant for a green card through EB-2 or EB-3 programs, making the H-1B visa promising for immigration.
2. Stability. The visa is tied to the employer, ensuring stable employment.
3. Family Benefits. A spouse and children under 21 can obtain an H-4 visa, although work rights for the spouse are limited.

Potential Challenges

• Quotas and Lottery. Chances of winning the lottery are around 8–10%, which makes the process unpredictable.
• Employer Dependence. Changing jobs requires submitting a new petition, which can be inconvenient.
• Competition. High demand for the H-1B visa among professionals from all over the world complicates the process.

Student Visa F-1: The Education Path

The F-1 visa is intended for international students enrolled in full-time programs at accredited U.S. educational institutions, including language courses, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs.
It is one of the most accessible ways to enter the United States, which may become the foundation for long-term immigration.

Requirements for Obtaining an F-1 Visa

1. Enrollment in an Educational Institution. The applicant must be admitted to an accredited educational institution that issues Form I-20 (Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status).
2. Financial Capacity. It is necessary to prove the availability of funds to pay for tuition and living expenses in the USA (bank statements, sponsorship letters).
3. Intent to Return. The applicant must convince the consulate that they do not intend to stay in the USA after completing their studies (although in practice many use the F-1 as the first step toward immigration).
4. Full-time Study. The program must include a full academic load (usually no less than 12 credits per semester).

Validity Period and Application Process

• The F-1 visa is issued for the entire duration of studies indicated in Form I-20, with the possibility of extension if studies continue.
• The application process includes obtaining Form I-20, paying the SEVIS fee ($350), submitting the visa application (DS-160), and attending a consular interview. This usually takes 2–4 months.
• After completing studies, students may apply for Optional Practical Training (OPT), which allows them to work in their field for up to 12 months (or up to 36 months for STEM majors).

Advantages and Opportunities

• Accessibility. The F-1 is one of the easiest visas to obtain, especially for young people.
• Path to a Work Visa. Experience gained through OPT can serve as a basis for obtaining an H-1B visa or employer sponsorship for a green card.
• Flexibility. Students can change programs or transfer to other schools while maintaining their status.
• Family Benefits. A spouse and children under 21 can obtain an F-2 visa, although they are not allowed to work.

Potential Challenges

• Financial Expenses. Studying in the USA is expensive, and the applicant must prove they have funds for the entire study period.
• Work Restrictions. During studies, students may only work on campus (up to 20 hours per week) or through OPT after completing the program.
• Risk of Denial. The consulate may refuse the visa if it believes the applicant intends to remain in the USA after graduation.

Each of the visas described – L-1, E-2, H-1B, and F-1 – offers unique opportunities for moving to the USA. The choice of the most suitable path depends on your professional situation, financial capacity, and long-term goals.
The L-1 visa is ideal for entrepreneurs with international businesses, the E-2 – for investors with moderate capital, the H-1B – for highly qualified specialists, and the F-1 – for those who are ready to invest in education as the first step toward immigration. Careful document preparation, understanding the requirements, and consulting with an immigration attorney significantly increase the chances of success.

Immigrating to the USA through Political Asylum

Political asylum in the United States represents a special immigration path designed for people who face serious threats in their home country and cannot safely return. For Israeli citizens, this option may be relevant only in exceptional cases when they are persecuted for specific reasons recognized by international and American law. Political asylum is a complex and demanding process that requires a thorough review of case circumstances and convincing evidence. In this section, we will examine in detail who qualifies for this path, what conditions must be met, and why it is considered one of the most difficult legal ways to immigrate to the USA.

Who Qualifies for Political Asylum and What Conditions Must Be Met

Political asylum in the USA is intended for individuals who can prove that they are persecuted or have a well-founded fear of persecution in their home country for the following reasons:

1. Political Views. This may include persecution for participating in opposition political activities, publicly expressing views that contradict the official policy of the government, or belonging to political groups that face repression.

2. Race or National Origin. Discrimination or threats based on ethnic or national identity if the government does not provide protection.

3. Religious Beliefs. Persecution for practicing religion, participating in religious communities, or refusing to follow certain religious practices imposed by authorities.

4. Membership in a Particular Social Group. This may include persecution based on sexual orientation, gender identity, or belonging to other groups that are systematically discriminated against.

5. Other Individual Circumstances. In some cases, persecution may be connected to the applicant’s unique situation if it falls under international refugee protection standards.

For Israeli citizens, this path may be less common than for people from countries with more authoritarian regimes and systematic human rights violations. Israel is considered a democratic country with a high level of legal protection, which complicates proving persecution. However, in individual cases – for example, if a person faces threats due to political activity, minority status, or other specific circumstances – this path remains possible.

Conditions for Applying for Political Asylum

Чтобы подать заявление на политическое убежище в США, необходимо выполнить следующие ключевые условия:

1. Physical Presence in the U.S. An asylum application (Form I-589, Application for Asylum and for Withholding of Removal) can only be filed while physically present in the United States.
This means that Israeli citizens may enter the U.S. under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) using ESTA (up to 90 days) or with another visa (e.g., B-2 tourist visa).
The asylum application must be filed within one year from the date of arrival.
Exceptions are possible only in case of changed circumstances (e.g., sudden deterioration of the situation in the home country) or extraordinary reasons (e.g., serious health problems preventing timely filing).

2. Well-Founded Fear of Persecution. The applicant must prove that they were already persecuted in the past or have a well-founded fear of future persecution.
This requires presenting concrete facts and evidence showing that:

– The threat is based on one of the protected categories (political opinion, race, nationality, religion, or social group).

– The persecution is directed personally at the applicant or at the group to which they belong.

– The threat comes from the state, state authorities, or non-governmental actors that the state is unable or unwilling to control.

3. Evidence of Inability to Return. The applicant must show that returning to Israel poses a real threat to their life, freedom, or safety.
This may include risks of physical harm, arrest, torture, or systematic discrimination that the state cannot or will not prevent.

4. Timely Filing of the Application. As a rule, the asylum application must be submitted within one year of entry into the U.S.
If this deadline is missed, the applicant must explain the delay with valid reasons (e.g., new facts proving the threat, or serious circumstances such as illness).

5. Documents and Evidence. For a successful review of the case, the applicant must provide supporting documents and credible evidence.

   – A detailed written statement (Affidavit), describing the history of persecution, including dates, events, names, and circumstances.

   – Documentary evidence: letters with threats, medical certificates of injuries, police reports, media publications, witness testimonies, expert conclusions.

   – Evidence of changes in the situation in the country after departure, if applicable (for example, new laws or escalation of conflict).

Process of Application and Review

1. Submitting the application. The asylum application is submitted through Form I-589, which can be downloaded from the website of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
The application is free of charge but requires careful completion and attachment of all necessary evidence.

2. Interview with an asylum officer. After submitting the application, the applicant is invited to an interview at one of the USCIS offices.
During the interview, the officer assesses the credibility of the story, asks clarifying questions, and reviews the submitted evidence.

3. Waiting for the decision. The case review may take from several months to several years, depending on the workload of the system and the complexity of the case.
During this period, the applicant has the right to remain in the U.S. and, after 180 days from the date of filing the application, may apply for a work permit (Employment Authorization Document, EAD).

4. Possible outcomes:

   – Approval. If asylum is granted, the applicant receives the status of asylee, the right to work, and the possibility to apply for a green card after one year.

   – Denial. If the application is rejected, the case may be referred to an immigration court, where the applicant can appeal the decision with the help of attorney.

   – Referral to court. If the applicant is in deportation proceedings, the case is automatically transferred to court, where it is reviewed by a judge.

Advantages of Asylum Status

– Legal stay. Asylee status allows you to legally live and work in the U.S.

– Path to a green card. One year after obtaining asylum status, you can apply for permanent residence (a green card), and after five years – for U.S. citizenship.

– Family benefits. A spouse and children under 21 years old can receive derivative asylum status and move to the U.S.

– Access to social programs. Asylees are entitled to certain social benefits, such as medical insurance and employment assistance.

Why Asylum Is a Difficult Path

Political asylum may seem like an attractive option for moving to the U.S., but in practice it is associated with numerous legal, bureaucratic, and emotional challenges. For people from Israel, this path is particularly complicated, because Israel is considered a democratic country with a developed legal system, and U.S. immigration authorities are skeptical about applications from such countries. Here are the main reasons why this path is not simple:

 1. High Evidence Requirements

To successfully obtain asylum status, you must provide convincing and specific proof of persecution. It is not enough to refer to general instability in the region, armed conflicts, or economic difficulties. The applicant must demonstrate that:

– The persecution is directed personally at them or at the group they belong to.

– The threat comes from specific individuals, organizations, or government structures.

– The state (in this case, Israel) is unable or unwilling to provide protection.

Examples of evidence include:

– Documents confirming threats (letters, messages, call recordings).

– Medical records of physical or psychological trauma caused by persecution.

– Witness statements, expert conclusions, or media publications confirming your story.

– Official documents, such as police reports, court decisions, or refusals of protection from the authorities.

The absence of such evidence or insufficient persuasiveness almost guarantees denial.

 2. Difficulties for Israeli Citizens

Israel, as a democratic state with a developed legal system, is rarely considered by U.S. immigration authorities as a country where human rights are systematically violated. This means that applicants from Israel must provide exceptionally convincing evidence to justify the impossibility of returning. For example:

– Threats from non-governmental actors (for instance, extremist groups) if the state cannot provide protection.

– Individual cases of persecution due to political or social activity, supported by documents or witness statements.

– Unique circumstances, such as discrimination based on minority status (for example, the LGBT community), if this can be proven.

 3. Lengthy and Unpredictable Process

The review of asylum cases can take from several months to several years. Delays are related to:

– Heavy workload of USCIS and immigration courts.

– The need to verify submitted evidence, which may include requests to international organizations or consulates.

– The possibility of the case being transferred to court in the event of a denial, which further prolongs the process.

During this time, the applicant remains in a state of uncertainty, which can be emotionally and financially exhausting.

 4. High Probability of Denial Without Professional Assistance

The process of applying for political asylum requires a deep understanding of U.S. immigration law and the ability to properly present one’s story. Without the help of a qualified immigration attorney, the probability of denial is very high. An attorney helps to:

– Draft a convincing written statement (Affidavit) that clearly explains the history of persecution.

– Collect and organize evidence, including translation of documents and involvement of experts.

– Prepare for an interview with a USCIS officer or represent the applicant’s interests in immigration court.

Attorney services can cost several thousand dollars, which adds a financial burden.

 5. Risk of Deportation in Case of Denial

If the asylum application is denied and the case goes to immigration court, the applicant may be placed in removal proceedings. This is especially relevant if the visa under which the person entered the U.S. has expired. In such cases, the lack of convincing evidence or mistakes in the application process may result in the necessity to leave the country.

 6. Psychological and Emotional Stress

The asylum application process requires the applicant to relive traumatic events associated with persecution. Interviews with USCIS officers or judges can be intense, with detailed questions about personal and painful experiences. This can be especially difficult for people who have suffered physical or psychological abuse.

Recommendations for a Successful Process

To increase the chances of approval of an asylum application, Israeli citizens should consider the following recommendations:

1. Consult an Immigration Attorney. Find a specialist with experience in asylum cases, especially for citizens from democratic countries. An attorney can assess how well your case meets the requirements and prepare a strong application.

2. Gather Maximum Evidence. Start collecting documents as early as possible, including letters, medical records, witness statements, media publications, and official documents confirming threats or lack of protection from the state.

3. Prepare for the Interview. Be ready to tell your story in detail and consistently, avoiding contradictions. Practicing with an attorney can help you feel more confident.

4. Consider Deadlines. Submit your application within the first year of being in the U.S. to avoid additional complications in explaining delays.

5. Study the Situation in Israel. If you are referring to changing circumstances, gather information on new laws, conflicts, or other factors that make returning dangerous.

Political asylum is a viable but extremely difficult path for relocating to the United States for Israeli citizens. It is suitable only for those who can provide convincing evidence of persecution in one of the protected categories (political opinion, race, nationality, religion, social group), and whose situation makes returning to Israel impossible or dangerous. The process requires thorough preparation, significant time and financial resources, as well as professional legal assistance. For Israeli citizens, this path is complicated due to the country’s status as a democratic state, but in individual cases, with strong evidence, it can become a real opportunity for legal residence and subsequent immigration to the U.S.

How to Get a Green Card and Move to the U.S.:
Immigration Paths for Israeli Citizens

Green Card Lottery: Try Your Luck

The Diversity Immigrant Visa Program, better known as the Green Card Lottery, provides citizens of countries with low immigration rates to the United States an opportunity to obtain permanent residency. Each year, the U.S. Department of State allocates up to 55,000 green cards through a random selection process. Israel is among the countries whose citizens are eligible to participate, as the level of immigration from Israel to the U.S. remains relatively low compared to other nations.

Eligibility Requirements

1. Citizenship of an eligible country. The applicant must be a citizen of a country included in the program. For Israeli citizens, this condition is automatically fulfilled.
2. Education or work experience. The applicant must have at least a high school education (equivalent to a U.S. high school diploma, i.e., 12 years of schooling) OR at least two years of work experience within the last five years in a profession that requires at least two years of training or experience.
3. Application submission. The application is submitted for free through the official website of the U.S. Department of State (dvprogram.state.gov) during the registration period, which usually takes place in October–November each year. The applicant fills out the online form (DS-5501), providing personal details, a photo that meets strict requirements, and information about family members (spouse and children up to 21 years old).
4. Restrictions. Each applicant may submit only one application. Submitting multiple applications will result in disqualification. The application may include a spouse and children under 21 years old, who will also receive green cards if the main applicant wins.

Process of Participation and Receiving a Green Card

1. Application submission. During the registration period (October–November), the applicant fills out the online form. It is important to keep the unique confirmation number to check the application status later.
2. Results check. The results are usually announced in May of the following year on the same website. Winners are selected randomly, and the chances depend on the number of applications from the region (for Israel, the chance is around 1–2%, as competition in the Middle East region is relatively low).
3. Next steps. Winners receive instructions for submitting documents for a visa (DS-260). They need to provide birth certificates, marriage certificates, criminal records, medical records, and proof of financial solvency. Then follows an interview at the U.S. consulate (for Israelis, usually in Jerusalem). If approved, the green card is issued within 6–12 months after winning.
4. Moving to the U.S. After receiving the green card, the winner and their family must move to the U.S. within six months. The green card grants the right to permanent residence, work, and access to social programs. After five years, you can apply for U.S. citizenship.

Advantages

• Easy application. Participation in the lottery is free and does not require complex preparation or significant financial expenses.
• Family immigration. If you win, your spouse and children under 21 years old also receive green cards.
• Minimal requirements. No need for large investments, relatives in the U.S., or outstanding achievements – only basic education or work experience is required.
• Direct path to citizenship. Winning the lottery immediately grants permanent resident status, which opens the path to citizenship after five years.

Disadvantages

• Low chances. The probability of winning is small due to the large number of applications (usually about 10–15 million annually).
• Limited registration period. Missing the registration window means waiting until the next year.
• Additional expenses. Winners will need to pay consular fees (about $330 per person), medical exams, and relocation costs.
• Risk of fraud. There are fraudulent companies offering “guaranteed” lottery wins. The application is only possible through the official website.

Recommendations

• Submit your application independently through the official website to avoid fraud.
• Make sure your photo meets the requirements (size, background, no glasses or head coverings).
• Keep your confirmation number to check your status.
• Prepare for financial expenses at the visa processing stage after winning.

Family Reunification: Support from Relatives in the U.S.

Immigration through family reunification (Family-Sponsored Immigration) is one of the most popular and reliable ways to obtain a green card. If you have close relatives in the U.S. who are citizens or green card holders, they can file a petition for your immigration sponsorship. This path is suitable for Israeli citizens who have relatives in the U.S. willing to support their move.

Categories of Relatives

1. Immediate Relatives of U.S. Citizens:
   • Spouse.
   • Parents (if the U.S. citizen is at least 21 years old).
   • Unmarried children under 21 years old.
   • For this category there are no quotas, and the process usually takes 1–2 years.
2. Other Relatives of U.S. Citizens (Family Preference Categories):
   • F1: Unmarried children over 21 years old (waiting time about 7–8 years).
   • F2A: Spouses and minor children of green card holders (2–3 years).
   • F2B: Unmarried children over 21 years old of green card holders (6–7 years).
   • F3: Married children of U.S. citizens (10–12 years).
   • F4: Brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens (12–15 years).
   • These categories are subject to annual quotas, which significantly increases waiting times.

Process of Obtaining a Green Card

1. Filing a Petition. The sponsor (a relative in the U.S.) submits Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative) to USCIS. The petition includes proof of relationship (birth certificate, marriage certificate, etc.) and documents confirming the sponsor’s status.
2. Filing a Petition. The sponsor (a relative in the U.S.) submits Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative) to USCIS. The petition includes proof of relationship (birth certificate, marriage certificate, etc.) and documents confirming the sponsor’s status.
3. Applying for a Visa or Status Adjustment. If the applicant is already in the U.S. (for example, on a tourist visa), they can apply for status adjustment (Form I-485). If the applicant is outside the U.S., the immigrant visa is processed through the U.S. consulate (Form DS-260).
4. Interview and Approval. The applicant goes through an interview, submits additional documents (police clearance, medical examination), and waits for the decision. If approved, the green card is issued within 6–12 months.

Advantages

• Reliability. If you have close relatives who are U.S. citizens, the process is relatively predictable.
• Family Immigration. The green card also covers a spouse and children under 21 years old.
• Path to Citizenship. After obtaining a green card, you can apply for U.S. citizenship in five years.

Difficulties

• Long waiting period for distant relatives. Categories F3 and F4 may require waiting up to 15 years.
• Financial responsibility of the sponsor. The sponsor must prove that their income exceeds 125% of the poverty level in the U.S., or involve a co-sponsor.
• Documentation difficulties. An incomplete set of documents or errors in the petition may lead to delays or denial.

Recommendations

• Make sure you have all the documents confirming kinship (translated and certified).
• Consult an immigration lawyer to avoid mistakes in filing the petition.
• Regularly check the Visa Bulletin to track your queue.

Investment Program EB-5: Green Card for Large Investments

The EB-5 program (Employment-Based Fifth Preference) provides an opportunity to obtain a green card through investments in the American economy that create jobs.
This is a direct path to permanent residence, suitable for Israeli citizens with significant capital who want to move to the U.S.

Условия программы

1. Investment amount:
   • $1,050,000 for standard projects.
   • $800,000 for investments in Targeted Employment Areas (TEA), such as rural areas or regions with high unemployment.
2. Job creation. Investments must lead to the creation of at least 10 permanent jobs for U.S. citizens or green card holders within two years.
3. Legality of funds. The applicant must prove that the invested funds were obtained legally (for example, from business income, inheritance, or sale of assets).
4. Type of investment. Funds can be invested in a new business, an existing business with expansion, or in regional centers (projects approved by USCIS, for example, in real estate or infrastructure).

Green Card Application Process

1. Project selection. The applicant chooses a business or a regional center for investment.
   Regional centers simplify the process as they manage projects and job creation.
2. Petition filing. The applicant files Form I-526 (Immigrant Petition by Alien Investor) with USCIS, providing evidence of the investment and its legality.
3. Conditional green card. After approval (1–2 years), the applicant receives a conditional green card for two years.
4. Compliance check. Within two years, the business must create 10 jobs. Then, the applicant files Form I-829 to remove conditional status and obtain a permanent green card.
5. Timeline. The entire process takes 3–5 years, including document verification and waiting periods.

Advantages

• Direct path to a green card. The EB-5 program leads to permanent residence without the need for an employer sponsor.
• Family immigration. Spouse and children under 21 also receive green cards.
• Flexibility. No requirements for education, work experience, or English proficiency.
• Path to citizenship. After five years, you can apply for U.S. citizenship.

Difficulties

• High cost. Investments of $800,000–$1,050,000 plus administrative expenses (about $50,000–$100,000) make the program inaccessible for many.
• Investment risk. If the business does not create jobs or fails, the green card may be revoked.
• Long verification process. Checking the legality of funds and the project takes considerable time.
• Documentation difficulties. Extensive financial documentation is required, including tax returns, bank statements, and proof of funds’ origin.

Recommendations

• Work with trusted regional centers approved by USCIS to minimize risks.
• Hire an experienced immigration attorney to prepare the petition and verify the legality of funds.
• Carefully study the project you plan to invest in, including its financial stability and reputation.

O-1 Talent Visa and EB-1 Green Card: A Path for Accomplished Professionals

The O-1 visa is intended for individuals with extraordinary abilities in science, arts, education, business, or athletics. It allows working in the United States under a non-immigrant status and can serve as the first step toward obtaining a green card through the EB-1 (Employment-Based First Preference) category for individuals with extraordinary abilities. This path is suitable for Israeli citizens with unique achievements and international recognition.

Requirements for the O-1 Visa

1. Extraordinary abilities. The applicant must demonstrate that they are at the top of their professional field. This must be proven by meeting at least three of the following criteria:
   • National or international awards.
   • Membership in professional associations requiring outstanding achievements.
   • Publications in professional journals or major media outlets.
   • High salary compared to peers.
   • Contributions to the field (e.g., patents, research, artistic projects).
   • Participation as a judge or jury member on expert panels.
   • Recommendation letters from industry experts.
2. Sponsor. A U.S. employer, agent, or company is required to file a petition (Form I-129) on behalf of the applicant.
3. Work purpose. The visa is issued to perform specific work or a project (e.g., research, participation in an exhibition, film shooting).

Transition to the EB-1 Green Card

1. EB-1 category. The O-1 visa can serve as the basis for applying for a green card under the EB-1A category (Extraordinary Ability). Unlike other EB-1 categories, EB-1A does not require an employer – the applicant files the petition independently.
2. Requirements for EB-1A. Extraordinary abilities must be demonstrated through the same criteria as for O-1, but at a higher level. For example, international recognition, significant awards, or other high-level professional achievements.
3. Process. After approval of Form I-140, the applicant files for adjustment of status (Form I-485) or applies for an immigrant visa through a consulate. The process takes 1–3 years.

Validity and Processing Times

• O-1: Issued for 3 years with the possibility of a 1-year extension if the work continues. Processing takes 3–5 months.
• EB-1: After approval of the petition, a green card is issued within 6–12 months (depending on queues).
• Family benefits: Spouses and children under 21 receive O-3 visas (without the right to work) or green cards along with the main applicant.

Advantages

• Flexibility for EB-1. Filing a petition independently without an employer simplifies the process.
• Fast process. The EB-1 category has priority, and queues are minimal.
• Path to citizenship. An EB-1 green card leads to U.S. citizenship after five years.
• Suitable for talents. Does not require large investments or relatives in the U.S.

Difficulties

• High evidence requirements. A comprehensive package of documents confirming outstanding achievements must be provided.
• Competition. USCIS carefully reviews cases, and denial is possible if the evidence is not persuasive enough.
• Dependence on a sponsor for O-1. An employer or agent is required for the initial stage.

Recommendations

• Collect as much evidence as possible: awards, publications, recommendation letters from experts.
• Work with an immigration attorney specializing in O-1 and EB-1.
• Prepare a portfolio demonstrating your contribution and recognition in the professional field.

Obtaining a green card for Israeli citizens is possible through several paths, each suitable for different life situations. The Green Card Lottery is a simple and accessible option for those relying on luck. Family reunification is ideal for those with relatives in the U.S., but it requires patience due to long waiting times. The EB-5 program is suitable for wealthy applicants ready to invest large sums. The O-1 and EB-1 visas are the best choice for professionals with outstanding achievements. Each path requires careful preparation, the right strategy, and, in most cases, consultation with an immigration attorney. Assess your resources, goals, and circumstances to choose the most appropriate option and successfully move to the U.S.

Overview of next steps for moving to the U.S. for Israeli citizens

After studying the main immigration paths to the United States – from work and student visas to political asylum, the Green Card Lottery, family reunification, the EB-5 investment program, and talent visas O-1/EB-1 – your next task is to choose the most suitable option and begin practical steps. Each of these paths has unique requirements, timelines, financial costs, and legal nuances. This section provides a detailed analysis of how to proceed after selecting a path, what steps to take for successful preparation, why consulting with professionals is critical, and how to stay up to date with changes in U.S. immigration law. This action plan will help Israeli citizens minimize risks, increase their chances of success, and effectively organize the relocation process.

Analysis and selection of the appropriate path

Assessment of personal situation

The first and most important step is a deep analysis of your current situation. The choice of immigration path to the U.S. depends on many factors that must be carefully considered:

1. Professional skills and qualifications:

– For entrepreneurs with an active business, visas L-1 or E-2 are suitable, and for those ready to invest large sums – the EB-5 program.

– If you are a highly qualified specialist (for example, in IT, engineering, medicine), an H-1B or O-1 visa with subsequent transition to EB-1 may be a promising option.

2. Financial situation:

   – The EB-5 program requires an investment of $800,000 to $1,050,000, which is suitable only for applicants with significant capital.

   – The Green Card Lottery and an F-1 student visa are more affordable, but they require expenses for documentation, education, or relocation.

3. Family ties:

   – If you have close relatives (spouse, parents, children over 21) who are U.S. citizens or Green Card holders, family reunification may be the most reliable path.

   – For more distant relatives (siblings), the process can take 10–15 years, which requires patience.

4. Special circumstances:

   – If you face persecution in Israel for political, religious, or other reasons, political asylum may be an option, but it requires compelling evidence.

   – For individuals with outstanding achievements (science, arts, sports), O-1 and EB-1 visas offer a unique opportunity.

5. Long-term goals:

   – If your goal is permanent residence and U.S. citizenship, priority should be given to paths leading to a Green Card (lottery, EB-5, EB-1, family reunification).

   – If you want to live and work temporarily in the U.S., visas H-1B, L-1, E-2, or F-1 can serve as intermediate steps.

Recommendation: Make a list of your resources (education, experience, finances, connections) and goals (temporary stay, permanent residence, citizenship). Compare them with the requirements of each path to determine which is the most realistic.

Considering advantages and limitations

Each path has its strengths and weaknesses:

Green Card Lottery: Simple and free application, but very low chances (1–2%) and no guarantees.

Family reunification: A reliable path for those with relatives in the U.S., but timelines vary greatly depending on the degree of kinship (from 1 year to 15 years).

– EB-5: A direct path to a Green Card, but requires significant investments and financial risks.

– O-1/EB-1: Suitable for professionals with outstanding achievements but requires extensive evidence.

– H-1B: Popular among specialists, but limited by quotas and lottery.

– L-1/E-2: A great option for entrepreneurs, but requires an active business or investments.

– F-1: An accessible path through education, but requires significant expenses for studies and a long-term strategy.

– Political asylum: Suitable for exceptional cases but difficult due to high evidence requirements and skepticism toward applicants from democratic countries such as Israel.

Recommendation: Create a table of pros and cons for each path, considering your priorities (e.g., relocation speed, financial resources, long-term prospects). This will help visualize which option best suits your goals.

Preparation process

After choosing a suitable path, you need to proceed with practical preparation. This stage requires careful organization, collection of documents, and in most cases, professional legal support. The main steps are:

 1. Collecting necessary documents

Each immigration path requires a specific set of documents. General requirements include:

– Personal documents: International passport, birth certificate, marriage/divorce certificate, name change documents (all documents must be translated into English and notarized).

– Financial documents: Bank statements, tax returns, income certificates (especially for EB-5, E-2, F-1).

– Proof of qualifications: Diplomas, certificates, employment records, resumes (for H-1B, O-1, EB-1).

– Evidence of persecution (for asylum): Threat letters, medical reports, police records, witness statements.

– Proof of family relationship (for family reunification): Documents confirming family ties (birth or marriage certificates).

– Proof of achievements (for O-1/EB-1): Awards, publications, recommendation letters, patents, evidence of international recognition.

– Photographs: Must meet strict U.S. requirements (for example, for the Green Card lottery or visa applications).

Recommendation: Start collecting documents in advance, even if you have not yet decided on the immigration path. Ensure that all translations are done by a professional translator and notarized. Keep copies of all documents in both digital and paper form.

 2. Consultation with an immigration attorney

Working with a qualified immigration attorney significantly increases your chances of success. An attorney will help:

– Evaluate your case: Analyze which immigration path is most suitable and identify potential risks.

– Prepare documents: Ensure that all forms are completed correctly and that the evidence meets USCIS or consulate requirements.

– Represent your interests: Accompany you at interviews, in immigration court (for asylum), or when filing petitions.

– Avoid mistakes: Errors in forms, missed deadlines, or insufficient evidence may result in denial.

How to find an attorney:

– Look for specialists with experience in the specific visa or green card type you are pursuing (for example, EB-5, O-1, asylum).

– Verify the attorney’s license through the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) or official government registries.

– Review client testimonials and successful case results.

– Make sure the attorney is willing to work with applicants from Israel and understands the specifics of your region.

Cost of services: A consultation may cost from $100 to $500 per hour, while full case support can range from $5,000 to $20,000 depending on complexity. For the Green Card lottery, an attorney is usually not required, but for other immigration paths their involvement can be critical.

Recommendation: Schedule multiple consultations with different attorneys to compare their approaches and choose the most competent one. Prepare a list of questions and a brief description of your situation for the first meeting.

 3. Financial Preparation

Moving to the U.S. involves significant expenses, which vary depending on the immigration path:

– Consular fees: For example, $330 for the Green Card lottery, $535 for Form I-130 (family reunification), $700 for Form I-526 (EB-5).

– Medical examination: Mandatory for most visas and green cards, costing $200–$500 per person.

– Legal services: From $1,000 (simple cases) up to $20,000 (complex cases, such as EB-5 or asylum).

– Investments: $800,000–$1,050,000 for EB-5, $100,000–$150,000 for E-2.

– Education (for F-1): Tuition in the U.S. ranges from $10,000 to $50,000 per year.

– Relocation and living expenses: Air tickets, housing rent, transportation, and daily expenses in the U.S.

Recommendation: Create a budget that includes all possible expenses (visa fees, attorney, relocation, first months of living in the U.S.). Make sure you have a financial reserve for delays or unforeseen costs.

 4. Understanding Requirements and Timelines

Each immigration path has its own deadlines and requirements:

– Green Card Lottery: Registration in October–November, results announced in May, visa application until September of the following year.

– Family Reunification: Petition I-130 can be filed at any time, but waiting times depend on the category (1–15 years).

– EB-5: Filing petition I-526 is possible at any time, but the process takes 3–5 years.

– O-1/EB-1: Filing petition I-129 (O-1) or I-140 (EB-1) requires prior evidence collection, and the process takes 1–3 years.

– H-1B: Filing in March, employment starts in October, limited by quotas.

– F-1: Filing after enrollment in a school/university, process takes 2–4 months.

– Political Asylum: Filing within a year after entry to the U.S., review may take months or years.

Recommendation: Create a calendar with key dates (application period, interviews, deadlines). Use official sources, such as uscis.gov or state.gov, to check requirements.

Importance of Up-to-Date Information

U.S. immigration law regularly changes depending on political circumstances, economic priorities, and government decisions. For example:

– Changes in quotas for H-1B or EB-5 visas may affect program availability.

– New rules for the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) may impact entry opportunities or eligibility for asylum applications.

– Political events may influence the review of asylum cases or priorities in visa issuance.

How to Stay Updated

1. Official Sources:

– Visa Bulletin (monthly report on quotas for family and employment visas).

– USCIS website (uscis.gov) for information on visas, green cards, and forms.

– U.S. Department of State website (state.gov) for Green Card Lottery data and consular procedures.

2. News and Updates:

– Subscribe to USCIS or AILA newsletters to receive updates on changes.

– Follow news on websites such as CNN, The New York Times, or specialized resources like Immigration Law News.

3. Consultations with Attorneys:

– Regularly consult with an immigration attorney to adjust your strategy based on the latest changes.

4. Communities and Forums:

– Join groups on social networks or forums where immigrants from Israel share their experiences (for example, groups on Reddit or Facebook). However, always verify information through official sources.

Recommendation: Subscribe to USCIS updates and regularly check official websites. If you have already started the process, your attorney can notify you about any changes affecting your case.

The Role of Professional Assistance

Working with an immigration attorney or consultant is not a luxury but a necessity for most pathways, with the possible exception of the Green Card Lottery. Here’s why professional help is so important:

– Individual case analysis. An attorney will evaluate your case, identify weaknesses, and propose a strategy to address them.

– Risk reduction. Mistakes in forms, incomplete documentation, or failure to meet requirements can lead to denial, wasting both time and money.

– Support at every stage. From preparing petitions to representing your interests in court (for asylum cases) or at the interview.

– Time savings. An attorney knows how to optimize the process, avoid delays, and speed up consideration (for example, through Premium Processing for certain visas).

Alternatives to an Attorney:

– For the Green Card Lottery, you can manage without an attorney if you are confident in the correctness of your application.

– For an F-1 student visa, assistance may be provided by the university’s international office.

– For simple cases (for example, spousal reunification), you can use the services of accredited consultants, who are usually cheaper than attorneys.

Recommendation: Do not try to save on legal assistance for complex pathways, such as EB-5, O-1, EB-1, or political asylum. Even a small mistake can lead to denial and significant financial loss.

Additional Steps for Preparing to Relocate

1. Learning English:

   – A good level of English will make integration, interviews, and document submission much easier.

   – For visas like H-1B, O-1, or F-1, language proficiency may be an informal advantage.

   – Enroll in courses or use apps like Duolingo, Babbel, or IELTS/TOEFL for preparation.

2. Planning Your Move:

   – Research the U.S. regions where you plan to live. Consider cost of living, job market, schools for children, and access to immigration services.

   – For example, major cities like New York or Los Angeles offer more opportunities but have higher housing costs.

   – Consider states with lower living costs, such as Texas or Florida, if your budget is limited.

3. Preparing for Life in the U.S.:

   – Study the basics of the American system: taxes, health insurance, banking services.

   – Obtain an international driver’s license if you plan to drive a car.

   – Find Israeli communities in the U.S. through synagogues, cultural centers, or online groups for support and adaptation.

4. Maintaining Status:

   – After obtaining a visa or Green Card, comply with all requirements (for example, do not leave the U.S. for a long period without permission, fulfill investment obligations for EB-5).

   – Keep records of all actions related to your immigration status.

Moving to the U.S. for Israeli citizens is a complex but achievable process that requires careful preparation and a strategic approach. After choosing the appropriate path (Green Card Lottery, family reunification, EB-5, O-1/EB-1, H-1B, F-1, or political asylum), it is necessary to:

– Conduct a thorough analysis of your situation to choose the most realistic option.

– Collect a complete package of documents that meet the requirements of the chosen pathway.

– Consult a qualified immigration attorney to minimize risks and speed up the process.

– Prepare financially and mentally for expenses, expectations, and adaptation in the U.S.

– Keep track of current changes in immigration law through official sources.

Each step requires time, resources, and attention to detail, but proper preparation and professional support significantly increase your chances of success. If you want to dive deeper into a specific pathway, clarify the details, or receive recommendations for document preparation, let me know, and I will continue to expand the information with maximum detail!